01.Kodi "charging chamadzimadzi chozizira kwambiri" ndi chiyani?
mfundo ntchito:
Kulipiritsa kozizira kwambiri kwamadzimadzi ndikukhazikitsa njira yapadera yoyendera madzi pakati pa chingwe ndi mfuti yothamangitsa.Zoziziritsa zamadzimadzi zochotsera kutentha zimawonjezedwa mu tchanelo, ndipo choziziriracho chimazunguliridwa kudzera pa pampu yamagetsi kuti chitulutse kutentha komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yochapira.
Gawo lamphamvu la dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa kwamadzi kuti liwononge kutentha, ndipo palibe kusinthana kwa mpweya ndi chilengedwe chakunja, kotero imatha kukwaniritsa mapangidwe a IP65.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito fan yaikulu ya mpweya kuti iwononge kutentha ndi phokoso lochepa komanso kuyanjana kwachilengedwe.
02.Kodi ubwino wa madzi ozizira kuzirala wapamwamba ndi chiyani?
Ubwino wa kuzirala kwamadzimadzi kwambiri:
1. Kuthamanga kwakukulu komanso kuthamanga kwachangu.Zotsatira zapano zakulipira muluimachepetsedwa ndi waya wothamangitsa mfuti.Chingwe chamkuwa mkati mwa waya wothamangitsa mfuti chimayendetsa magetsi, ndipo kutentha kopangidwa ndi chingwe kumayenderana ndi mtengo wapakati wapano.Kuchuluka kwa magetsi, kumawonjezera kutentha kopangidwa ndi chingwe.Iyenera kuchepetsedwa.Pofuna kupewa kutenthedwa, gawo lozungulira la waya liyenera kuwonjezeka, ndipo ndithudi waya wamfuti udzakhala wolemera kwambiri.Mfuti yamakono ya 250A yapadziko lonse imagwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha 80mm2.Mfuti yolipira ndi yolemera kwambiri yonse ndipo sivuta kupindika.Ngati mukufuna kupeza ndalama zokulirapo, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito kulipiritsa mfuti ziwiri, koma iyi ndi njira yongoyimitsa nthawi zina.Yankho lomaliza la kulipiritsa kwamakono likhoza kukhala kulipiritsa ndi mfuti yamadzi yoziziritsa yamadzi.
Pali zingwe ndi mapaipi amadzi mkati mwamfuti yothamangitsa yamadzimadzi.Chingwe cha 500A madzi-utakhazikikakulipiritsa mfutinthawi zambiri imakhala 35mm2 yokha, ndipo kutentha kumachotsedwa ndi kutuluka kwa choziziritsa mu chitoliro cha madzi.Chifukwa chingwecho ndi choonda, mfuti yothamangitsa yamadzimadzi ndi 30% mpaka 40% yopepuka kuposa mfuti wamba.Mfuti yothamangitsa yamadzimadzi iyeneranso kukhala ndi zida zoziziritsa, zomwe zimakhala ndi thanki yamadzi, pampu yamadzi, radiator ndi fan.Pampu yamadzi imayendetsa choziziritsa kukhosi kuti chizungulire mu mzere wamfuti, kubweretsa kutentha kwa rediyeta, kenako ndikuwulutsa ndi fani, potero zimakwaniritsa kunyamula kwakukulu kuposa mfuti wamba zoziritsidwa mwachilengedwe.
2. Chingwe chamfuti ndi chopepuka ndipo zida zolipirira ndizopepuka.
3. Kutentha kochepa, kutentha kwachangu, ndi chitetezo chachikulu.Milu ya milu yolipiritsa wamba ndi milu yamadzimadzi yoziziritsidwa ya theka-zamadzimadzi ndi yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya kuti iwononge kutentha.Mpweya umalowa mu mulu wa thupi kuchokera kumbali imodzi, umatulutsa kutentha kwa zigawo zamagetsi ndi ma modules okonzanso, ndipo umachoka ku mulu wa thupi kumbali inayo.Mpweya udzasakanizidwa ndi fumbi, utsi wa mchere ndi mpweya wa madzi ndikumangirira pamwamba pa zipangizo zamkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusakanizidwa bwino kwa machitidwe, kutentha kwabwino, kutsika kwachangu, ndi kuchepetsa moyo wa zipangizo.Kwa milu yolipiritsa wamba kapena milu yozizirira yamadzimadzi yamadzimadzi, kutaya kutentha ndi chitetezo ndi mfundo ziwiri zotsutsana.Ngati chitetezo chili chabwino, kutentha kwa kutentha kudzakhala kovuta kupanga, ndipo ngati kutentha kwa kutentha kuli bwino, chitetezo chidzakhala chovuta kuthana nacho.
Mulu wothamangitsa wokhazikika wamadzimadzi umagwiritsa ntchito moduli yotsatsira yamadzimadzi.Palibe ma ducts a mpweya kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa module yoziziritsa madzi.Gawoli limadalira choziziritsa kukhosi chomwe chimazungulira mkati mwa mbale yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi kuti chisinthe kutentha ndi dziko lakunja.Choncho, gawo lamphamvu la mulu wolipiritsa likhoza kutsekedwa mokwanira kuti lichepetse kutentha.Radiator ndi kunja, ndipo kutentha kumabweretsedwa kwa radiator kupyolera mu ozizira mkati, ndipo mpweya wakunja umatulutsa kutentha pamwamba pa radiator.Ma module opangira madzi ozizira ndi zida zamagetsi mkati mwa mulu wothamangitsa sizimalumikizana ndi chilengedwe, motero zimapeza chitetezo cha IP65 komanso kudalirika kwakukulu.
4. Phokoso lotsika komanso chitetezo chapamwamba.Milu yolipiritsa yokhazikika komanso milu yamadzi yoziziritsa ya semi-zamadzimadzi imakhala ndi ma module othamangitsa opangidwa ndi mpweya.Ma module opangidwa ndi mpweya amapangidwa ndi mafani ang'onoang'ono othamanga kwambiri, ndipo phokoso logwira ntchito limafika kupitirira 65db.Palinso mafani oziziritsa pamutu wothamangitsa mulu.Pakalipano, kulipiritsa milu pogwiritsa ntchito ma modules oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya Pamene mukuyenda ndi mphamvu zonse, phokoso limakhala pamwamba pa 70dB.Zimakhala zochepa kwambiri masana koma zimasokoneza kwambiri usiku.Choncho, phokoso lalikulu pa malo opangira ndalama ndilo vuto lomwe amadandaula kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito.Ngati adandaula, ayenera kukonza vutolo.Komabe, ndalama zowongolera ndizokwera ndipo zotsatira zake ndizochepa.Pamapeto pake, amayenera kuchepetsa mphamvu kuti achepetse phokoso.
Mulu wothamangitsa wokhazikika wamadzimadzi umagwiritsa ntchito kamangidwe kamene kamawononga kutentha kwapawiri.Gawo lamkati lozizira lamadzimadzi limadalira pampu yamadzi kuti iyendetse kuzungulira koziziritsa kutulutsa kutentha, ndikusamutsa kutentha kopangidwa ndi module kupita ku rediyeta yomaliza.Kutentha kwakunja kwakunja kumatheka ndi mafilimu otsika kwambiri othamanga kwambiri kapena ma air conditioners.Kutentha kumachotsedwa ku chipangizocho, ndipo phokoso la faniyo ndi liwiro lotsika komanso mpweya waukulu wa mpweya ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa wa fani yaing'ono ndi liwiro lalikulu.Milu yodzaza kwambiri yamadzimadzi imathanso kutengera kapangidwe kamene kamataya kutentha.Mofanana ndi mpweya wogawanika, gawo lochepetsera kutentha limayikidwa kutali ndi unyinji, ndipo limatha ngakhale kuyendetsa kutentha ndi maiwe ndi akasupe kuti akwaniritse kutentha kwabwino komanso kutsika mtengo.phokoso.
5. TCO yotsika
Mtengo wa zida zolipirira pamalo othamangitsira uyenera kuganiziridwa kuchokera pamtengo wanthawi zonse (TCO) wa mulu wolipiritsa.Moyo wa milu yolipiritsa yachikhalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito ma module othamangitsidwa ndi mpweya nthawi zambiri sudutsa zaka 5, koma nthawi yobwereketsa yopangira ma station station ndi zaka 8-10, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zida zolipiritsa zikuyenera kusinthidwa kamodzi pachaka. ntchito mkombero.Kumbali inayi, moyo wautumiki wa milu yothamangitsa zoziziritsa bwino zamadzimadzi ndi zaka zosachepera 10, zomwe zimatha kupitilira moyo wonse wa wayilesi.Nthawi yomweyo, poyerekeza ndi milu yolipiritsa pogwiritsa ntchito ma module oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya omwe amafunikira kutsegulidwa pafupipafupi kwa nduna, kuchotsa fumbi, kukonza ndi ntchito zina, milu yothamangitsa yamadzimadzi imangofunika kukhetsedwa pambuyo poti fumbi likuchulukana mu radiator yakunja, kupangitsa kukonza kukhala kosavuta. .
TCO yamakina othamangitsa oziziritsa bwino amadzimadzi ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi njira yolipirira yachikhalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito ma module opangira mpweya woziziritsa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri makina oziziritsa bwino amadzimadzi, phindu lake lamtengo wapatali lidzakhala lodziwika bwino.
03. Msika wamsika wa kuziziritsa kwamadzi kwamadzimadzi kumathamanga kwambiri
Malinga ndi zomwe zachitika posachedwa kuchokera ku China Charging Alliance, panali milu 31,000 yolipiritsa anthu ambiri mu February 2023 kuposa mu Januware 2023, chiwonjezeko chachaka ndi 54.1% mu February.Pofika mu February 2023, mamembala amgwirizanowu anena kuti pali milu yolipiritsa anthu 1.869 miliyoni, kuphatikiza 796,000.DC yopangira milundi 1.072 miliyoniMilu yopangira AC.
M'malo mwake, momwe kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kukukulirakulira komanso kuthandizira malo monga milu yolipiritsa ikukula mwachangu, ukadaulo watsopano wamagetsi oziziritsa madzi wakhala cholinga champikisano pamsika.Makampani ambiri opanga magalimoto opangira magetsi atsopano ndi makampani ochulukirachulukira ayambanso kuchita kafukufuku waukadaulo ndi chitukuko ndi masanjidwe owonjezera.
Tesla ndi kampani yoyamba yamagalimoto mumsikawu kuyika milu yoziziritsa yamadzimadzi m'magulumagulu.Pakadali pano, yatumiza masiteshoni opitilira 1,500 ku China okhala ndi milu yopitilira 10,000.Supercharger ya Tesla V3 imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe oziziritsidwa ndimadzimadzi, module yothamangitsa yamadzimadzi komanso mfuti yotsatsira yamadzimadzi.Mfuti imodzi imatha kuthamanga mpaka 250kW/600A, yomwe imatha kukulitsa liwiro laulendo ndi makilomita 250 m'mphindi 15.Mtundu wa V4 watsala pang'ono kutumizidwa m'magulu.Mulu wacharge umawonjezeranso mphamvu yothamangira mpaka 350kW pamfuti iliyonse.
Pambuyo pake, Porsche Taycan inayambitsa zomangamanga zamagetsi za 800V kwa nthawi yoyamba padziko lapansi ndipo imathandizira 350kW kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwambiri;The Great Wall Salon Mecha Dragon 2022 global limited edition ili ndi mphamvu yofikira ku 600A, voteji yofikira 800V, ndi mphamvu yayikulu yochapira 480kW;GAC AION V, ndi nsonga voteji mpaka 1000V, panopa mpaka 600A, ndi pachimake kulipiritsa mphamvu 480kW;Xiaopeng G9, galimoto yopangidwa mochuluka yokhala ndi 800V silicon carbide voltage platform, yoyenera 480kW ultra-charging;
04. Kodi tsogolo la kuzirala kwakukulu kwamadzimadzi ndi kotani?
Munda wa madzi kuzirala overcharging ali mu ukhanda, ndi kuthekera kwakukulu ndi yotakata chitukuko chiyembekezo.Kuziziritsa kwamadzi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yoperekera mphamvu zambiri.Palibe zovuta zaukadaulo pakupanga ndi kupanga zida zamagetsi zothamangitsa mulu zamphamvu kwambiri kunyumba ndi kunja.Ndikofunikira kuthetsa kugwirizana kwa chingwe kuchokera pamagetsi othamanga kwambiri opangira mphamvu kupita kumfuti yothamanga.
Komabe, mlingo malowedwe a mkulu-mphamvu madzi-utakhazikika milu supercharged m'dziko langa akadali otsika.Izi zili choncho chifukwa mfuti zoziziritsa zamadzimadzi zimakhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo milu yothamangitsa mwachangu idzabweretsa msika wa mabiliyoni mazanamazana mu 2025. Malinga ndi chidziwitso cha anthu, mtengo wapakati wa kulipiritsa milu ndi pafupifupi 0.4 yuan/W.Akuti mtengo wa mulu wothamangitsa 240kW ndi pafupifupi 96,000 yuan.Malinga ndi mtengo wa chingwe chothamangitsa chamadzimadzi chokhazikika mumsonkhano wa atolankhani wa CHINAEVSE, womwe ndi 20,000 yuan / set, mtengo wamfuti wothamangitsa wamadzimadzi umayesedwa.Kuwerengera pafupifupi 21% ya mtengo wa kulipiritsa milu, imakhala gawo lokwera mtengo kwambiri mutatha kulipiritsa ma module.Zikuyembekezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo zothamangitsa mphamvu zatsopano zikuwonjezeka, malo amsika amphamvu kwambirimilu yothamangam'dziko langa adzakhala pafupifupi 133.4 biliyoni yuan mu 2025.
M'tsogolomu, ukadaulo wozizira kwambiri wamadzimadzi upitiliza kupititsa patsogolo kulowa.
Kupanga ndi masanjidwe aukadaulo wamphamvu kwambiri wamadzimadzi-wozizira kwambiri akadali ndi njira yayitali.Izi zimafuna mgwirizano wamakampani amagalimoto, makampani a mabatire, makampani amilu ndi maphwando ena.Ndi njira iyi yokha yomwe tingathandizire bwino chitukuko cha magalimoto amagetsi aku China, kulimbikitsanso kuyitanitsa mwadongosolo ndi V2G, kuthandizira kusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa umuna, kutsika kwa carbon ndi chitukuko chobiriwira, ndikufulumizitsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa cholinga cha "Carbon iwiri".
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-04-2024