Imigaqo-nkqubo ityebe kakhulu, kwaye imarike yemfumba yokutshaja yaseYurophu naseMelika ingene kwixesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo

Ngokuqiniswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo, imarike yemfumba yokutshaja eYurophu nase-United States ingene kwixesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo.

I-1) IYurophu: Ukwakhiwa kweemfumba zokutshaja akukhawulezi njengoko izinga lokukhula kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, kwaye ukuchasana phakathi komlinganiselo wezithuthi ukuya kwiimfumba kuyanda.Ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha eYurophu kuya kwanda ukusuka kwi-212,000 kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2.60 yezigidi kwi-2022, kunye ne-CAGR ye-52.44%.Umlinganiselo wesithuthi ukuya kwi-pile uya kuba phezulu njenge-16: 1 ngo-2022, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemihla ngemihla zokutshaja kwabasebenzisi.

2) EUnited States: Kukho umsantsa omkhulu wemfuno yokutshaja iimfumba.Ngaphantsi kwemvelaphi yokubuyisela ukusetyenziswa, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha e-United States kwaqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye inani lezithuthi zamandla amatsha e-United States landa ukusuka kwi-570,000 kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2.96 yezigidi kwi-2022;umlinganiselo wezithuthi kwimfumba kwakuloo nyaka wawuphezulu njenge-18:1.inqwaba yokutshajaumsantsa.

3) Ngokwezibalo, ubungakanani bentengiso yeemfumba zokutshaja eYurophu kulindeleke ukuba bufikelele kwi-40 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2025, kwaye ubungakanani bentengiso yeemfumba zokutshaja e-United States kulindeleke ukuba bufikelele kwi-30 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, olulonyuko olukhulu ukusuka kwi-16.1 Ibhiliyoni kunye ne-24.8 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2022.

4) Iimarike zaseYurophu nezaseMelika zinexabiso eliphezulu, kwaye imida yenzuzo yeenkampani zemfumba mikhulu, kwayeimfumba yamaTshayinaiinkampani kulindeleke ukuba zikhawulezise ukwanda kwazo phesheya.

Kwicala lokubonelela, imveliso + isitishi + emva kokuthengiswa, abavelisi basekhaya banemizila emininzi kunye neempawu.

I-1) Iimveliso: Iimveliso zemfumba ezitshaja kumazwe aphesheya zineemfuno zobugcisa ezingqongqo kunye nomjikelo wesatifikethi omde.Ukuphumelela isiqinisekiso kuthetha kuphela ukufumana “incwadana yokundwendwela yemveliso”.Ukwandisa iimarike zaphesheya kweelwandle, abavelisi basekhaya kusafuneka bahlanganise inzuzo yemveliso kunye nejelo.Okwangoku, abavelisi bemodyuli yamandla ngabokuqala ukuqonda iimveliso zabo eziya phesheya, kwaye yonke imfumba yamashishini iyanda ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwindawo ephezulu.

2) Imijelo: Kweli nqanaba, iinkampani zelizwe lam ziyimfumba zithande ukusekwe kwiimpawu zoshishino zazo kunye noncedo, zibotshelelwe ngokunzulu kwijelo elithile ukugqiba uphuhliso lwemarike yaphesheya.

3) Emva kokuthengisa: iinkampani zemfumba zelizwe lam zineentsilelo kumazwe aphesheya emva kokuthengisa.Ukwakha inethiwekhi emva kokuthengisa ngundoqo kwimpumelelo yexesha elide.Inika abasebenzisi amava enkonzo yokugqibela kuyo yonke inkqubo ukusuka ekuthengeni ukuya emva kokuthengisa, ukuze kuphuculwe inzuzo yokhuphiswano lokuhlawulisa iimfumba kwiimarike zaphesheya.

Ngokubhekiselele kumhlaba okhuphisanayo, iYurophu isasazekile kwaye uMntla Melika ugxile.

I-1) IYurophu: Nangona imarike yokutshaja kawonkewonke ilawulwa ngabaqhubi, baninzi abavelisi abathatha inxaxheba kwaye i-gap incinci, kwaye ukuxinwa kweshishini kuphantsi;uphuhliso lweukutshaja ngokukhawulezaImarike elawulwa ziinkampani zeemoto ayilingani ngokugqithisileyo.Iinkampani zaseTshayina zemfumba zinokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yazo ngenkuthalo kwaye inzuzo yesitishi yenza ukuba iimveliso ziye phesheya kolwandle, kwaye zithumele ishishini lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza laseYurophu kwangaphambili.

I-2) eMntla Melika: Imarike yemfumba yokutshaja eNyakatho Melika ineempembelelo ezicacileyo zentloko.I-ChargePoint, umqhubi okhokelayo wokukhanya kwe-asethi, kunye noTesla, inkampani yemoto ehamba phambili yamandla amatsha, bagxile ekusasazweni kothungelwano lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.Ukugxininiswa kwemarike ephezulu kudala imiqobo ephezulu yokhuphiswano, isenza kube nzima kubavelisi abavela kwamanye amazwe ukuba bangene ezinkulu.

Sijonge phambili kwikamva, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza + ukupholisa ulwelo, indlela yophuhliso yokutshaja iimfumba eziya phesheya kolwandle icacile.

I-1) Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza: Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-voltage yindlela entsha yokuvela kwetekhnoloji yokongeza amandla.Uninzi lwangoku lwezibonelelo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC kwimarike zinamandla phakathi60kWkwaye160kW.Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba kukhuthazwe iimfumba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ezingaphezu kwama-350kW ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokubonakalayo.abavelisi bemodyuli abatshajayo belizwe lam banoovimba bobugcisa abatyebileyo, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba bakhawulezise uyilo lweemodyuli zamandla aphezulu phesheya kwaye bathabathe isabelo semarike kwangaphambili.

I-2) Ukupholisa ulwelo: Kumxholo wokunyuka kwamandla okunyusa ukukhawuleza kweemfumba, iindlela zendabuko zokupholisa umoya zinzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwiimodyuli eziphezulu zokutshaja;ukusuka kumbono womjikelezo wobomi bonke, iimodyuli ezipholileyo zamanzi zinokunciphisa ilahleko yezoqoqosho ebangelwa yimimandla enzima kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kunye nokugcinwa.Iindleko zokusebenza eziveliswa kulondolozo, iindleko ezibanzi aziphezulu, nto leyo enceda ekwandiseni ingeniso yokugqibela yabaqhubi beemfumba ezihlawulisayo, kwaye kwakhona iya kuba lukhetho oluphezulu olunokwenzeka kumashishini emfumba aseTshayina ukuya phesheya kolwandle.